Codification of archetypal design solutions in Iranian shrines from a phenomenological perspective

Document Type : Scientific Research

Authors

• negin amini ¹
• hamed moztarzadeh ²

¹ Ph.D. Student in Architecture, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

² Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Highlights

Innovation

Architectural researchers in most cases have studied archetypes regardless of context, and in other cases they have studied Archetype more in the field of body and function and paid less attention to understanding meaning. In addition, the examined samples are mostly in a specific period of time or are placed in a classification in terms of style and region. Therefore; using phenomenological method, this research takes a microscopic look at discovering meaning and sign in samples that are not only not in the same time frame, but also differ in terms of style, location and difference in the way users think. It is original and new.

Methodology        

In this paper, archetypal design strategies are considered as a dependent variable, shrine as an independent variable, phenomenological method as a mediating variable, religion as a moderating variable and Iran as a control variable. In order to better understand the archetype design solutions in Iranian shrines, the combined research method (quantitative and qualitative) has been used and Eventually SPSS software has been used to analyse the data.

Analysis of findings

According to the obtained criteria, in order to prove the hypotheses, the data are analysed in two parts. In the descriptive analysis section, the authors have adapted the archetypal criteria to the case samples and identified commonalities. Finally, an inferential analysis of the research variables is presented.

Results

By examining the case studies qualitatively and matching the criteria with their architecture, the first impression is that the older the building, the more the use of semantic components and signs (symbol, icon, index) in architecture, it was also found that most They have been used in an imitative way and outside of the architect's manipulation. In St. Thaddeus Church, the use of symbols and signs was wider than in other buildings. Other results include the Cosmic Mountain Archetype, which is less commonly used in Iranian temples, and the response of experts in this field was a testament to this. Analysis of experts' answers showed that there is a semantic relationship between archetypal and unconscious criteria, because after viewing the images of the shrines, the questions of the questionnaire were answered with acceptable scores. From the above discussions, it is clear that archetypal criteria have a deep relationship with semantic, content and sign codes, and using them, both in terms of body and function, as well as metaphor and meaning, can create shrines that can have a deep connection with individuals (regardless of their differences). ) Establish. Accordingly, the following table presents design solutions derived from research data to be a guide for building desirable places of worship in Iran.

Keywords

• Design solution
• Archetype
• Shrine
• Phenomenology

Main Subjects

• Architecture