Assessing the quality of urban furniture and its role in the development of urban tourism (Case study: Zaribar Lake)

Abstract
Urban furniture is effective in creating value and attractiveness of added tourism spaces, a place for people to attend and a place for citizens' social interactions, vitality, well-being, comfort, strengthening tourism movements, economic development and job creation. The purpose of this study is the quality of urban furniture components (quality of space, correct placement of furniture, safety, beauty and uneven urban structure) and its impact on the development of urban tourism spaces. The applied method is descriptive-analytical. Library and field methods have been used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinions of experts in the field of urban planning and tourism and the reliability of the instrument was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test. The statistical population included citizens and tourists of the region, the number of samples was estimated based on Cochran's formula 280 people, which was completed by simple random sampling among tourists entering the region and citizens. The results obtained from the sample t-test showed that the quality of urban furniture in Zaribar Lake is not very suitable in terms of the overall dimensions of urban furniture. The results of the regression test are multiple (0.655) are dependent changes and the aesthetic variable model of urban furniture with the highest standard coefficient of 0.843 in explaining its dependent variable. Then the quality of space with a coefficient of 0.519, uneven urban structure with a coefficient of 0.318 and correct placement of urban furniture with a standard coefficient of  0.171 are the variables.   
                      
Introduction
Today, cities provide a wide range of social, economic and cultural activities by offering a variety of goods and services. They also provide services for the development of urban tourism spaces by providing service activities such as catering and leisure facilities (Postma et al, 2017: 98). In many successful countries in the tourism industry, the city is the basis for the development of tourism spaces Numerous factors are involved in the evolution of urban tourism. One of the important factors in creating urban tourist attractions is public spaces including urban furniture, urban green spaces, modern accommodation centers, recreational and entertainment spaces, large urban shopping spaces, museums and cultural and artistic centers, etc. (Hamzeh et al., 2016: 133) In fact, cities are the main tourist destinations and cities with a more favorable urban landscape are more successful in attracting tourists (Kazemi et al, 2020,67). Urban furniture is the most important element in planning a city, creating urban living spaces and highlighting urban identity.. Urban furniture is considered as an element that transforms urban spaces into livable spaces and creates comfort and beauty. In addition, urban furniture increases the quality of urban life by responding to the needs of everyday life in the city (ERTÜRK, 2019: 45). Among urban areas, urban furniture is an area that is widely used by citizens. In addition, it can potentially play an important role in improving the social quality of human life by creating a similar sense of place for urban society (Ziyaee, 2018, 28). Urban furniture is one of the elements of urban space that plays a major role in achieving a healthy and beautiful city in quality, quantity, beauty, comfort, durability and proper placement of elements located in the environment and urban space (Basiri and Zinaali Azim, 230: 1398). Urban furniture makes it possible for people to relax, sit and eat, and socialize with others. Such places may be important for the elderly, people with limited mobility, and adults with young children. In addition to their functional aspect, urban furniture such as benches and tables in parks and squares are also socially important; Because they increase social interaction between people in this place (Firdevs, 2013, 67). Therefore, it can be said that by increasing the quality of urban furniture, especially in terms of location, design and selection and increasing the desirability of urban space and paying attention to cultural and psychological factors of the environment, we will see citizens attracted to spend leisure time (Mafi et al., 2016: 99).
 
Materials and Methods
The present study is applied in terms of purpose. And in terms of the nature and method of research, it is descriptive-analytical. To collect data and information, two methods of library and field, observation method from the study area and also the distribution of questionnaires have been used. Based on this, two questionnaires have been designed, one of which examines the level of satisfaction with the quality of urban furniture and the other the role of urban furniture on the development of urban tourism spaces in Zaribar Lake. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinions of experts in the field of urban planning and tourism and the reliability of the tool was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test, the value of which in each of the indicators of urban furniture and urban tourism development is 0.805 and 0.903, respectively.
 
Results and Discsussion
The results showed that the calculated value for the total dimensions of urban furniture is equal to (-14.15), which is significant at a level of 99% confidence. Considering that the mean (2.38) and the difference between the observed mean is equal to (- / 520). Less than the assumed number of 1/3, so we can say that the quality of urban furniture in Zaribar Lake in general, the dimensions of urban furniture is not very good and is relatively weak and is lower than desired. Also, the results of coefficients in Table (8) show that the four variables entered into the level equation are significantly less than (Sig = 0.05) which shows that with more than 95% confidence, the relationship between independent and dependent variables was significant. Also, the results of beta values ​​show that the aesthetic variable of urban furniture with a standardized coefficient of 0.843 has the largest share in explaining the dependent variable. After the variables of space quality with a coefficient of 0.519, the uneven structure of furniture is 0.318 and the variable of correct placement of urban furniture is 0.171 are the most important variables included in the development of urban tourism spaces in Zaribar Lake. In addition, due to the positive relationship between standard beta coefficients, it can be concluded that with the increase in the quality of urban furniture elements on the development of urban tourism spaces in Zaribar Lake increases.