The effect of color of medical buildings in reducing stress and length of treatment (Case study: Kowsar Hospital, Shiraz)

Document Type : Scientific Research

Authors

1 Master student, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Arts and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

A patient is someone who has mental or physical discomfort or both. A hospital is a place where a patient goes for diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the graphic effect of the hospital environment on the patient is very important. Color is one of the influential components in hospital graphics. Color therapy is an old art. In the past, people in India and China had temples instead of hospitals where patients were treated with color therapy. In this study, first, the study of color and stress and the different effects of color on humans as important variables and components of the environmental graphics of medical buildings, then by determining the patient's condition and needs, the factors affecting the choice of color and effects are investigated. It reduces stress and the length of treatment of the patient. The present study is a correlational research and in terms of the purpose of finding the relationship between the effect of color of therapeutic buildings and stress and the length of treatment of the patient, is a practical research. The research method, survey method and data collection tool is a combination of standard questionnaire for measuring stress (dass-21) and color questionnaire prepared by the author. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha with a value of 0.897. The questionnaire was analyzed with SPSS 26 software.

Highlights

Researchers in previous research have concluded that color therapy is related to various areas, including the relationship between color therapy and the nature of different cultures, its effect on the elimination or reduction of physical, mental, and psychological disorders. He mentioned the effect of color therapy on work environments and industrial psychology, creativity and especially its application in medical and hospital fields. In this research, the following results were obtained: Color has a fundamental effect on human mental health. In the category of city and architectural spaces, color is an important issue, and one of these spaces is medical spaces and hospitals. Inappropriate and inconsistent colors with the environment, form and space and adjacent colors, have a negative effect on the human psyche and interfere with good communication with them. Proper use of color and form in different parts of the medical center is a very important factor It is considered in the process of patient recovery. The results of this study show that in environments with undesirable color, the amount of stress and length of treatment is higher than environments with desirable color. In general, it can be said that due to the effect of color in reducing stress and the duration of treatment and their better performance, so the importance of paying attention to the effects that hospital design has on building users is becoming more apparent. Architects have a major role in designing treatment spaces and with the correct design and tailored to the physical and mental needs of patients can improve the level of treatment in society. Therefore, we conclude that the desired colors have a significant effect on reducing the patient's stress and the duration of his treatment. Also, the colors that are suitable in the design of the hospital and have a calming effect are blue, green and white or a combination of them.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Full Text

هنر درمانی یکی از روش های درمانی است که از دیرباز استفاده می شده است. هنر درمانی از طرق مختلف به درمان کمک می کند. نخست اینکه کیفیت زیبایی شناختی کارهای هنری می تواند خلق، نشاط، عزت نفس و آگاهی شخصی بیمار را بهبود بخشد و ثانیا تحقیقات نشان داده است که وقتی که افراد در فعالیت هایی که از آن لذت می برند عمیقا درگیر می شوند، فاکتورهای فیزیولوژیک مانند ضربان قلب، فشارخون و تنفس آهسته می شود. امروزه معماری مراکز درمانی از عملکردگرایی صرف به ایجاد محیطی شفا بخش در حال تغییرند. محیط شفا بخش در مراکز درمانی به معنی ایجاد فضایی است که تأثیرات مثبتی بر درمان بیماری داشته باشد(اولریچ و همکاران، 30:2004)[1]. بیمارستان ها به عنوان محل درمان بیماران، باید ازنظر فیزیکی در تسکین آلام بیماران و ایجاد آرامش در همراهان آنها نقش تعیین کننده ای ایفا کنند. این امر جز در سایه زیبایی و آراستگی بیمارستان ها و تأثیر و نفوذ رنگ ها در احساسات و عواطف بیماران امکان پذیر نخواهد بود در رنگ درمانی اسلامی، اعتقاد بر این است که بسیاری از بیماری ها را می توان با استفاده از رنگ، درمان کرد.  معماران داخلی نیز به منظور اثر بخشی رنگ ها بر روی بیماران بستری در بیمارستان، از آنها در طراحی داخلی و خارجی بیمارستان ها و سایر مراکز درمانی استفاده می کنند (درگاهی و رجب نژاد، 21:1393) . در طرح های مسکونی اعمال سلیقه های شخصی در مورد رنگ ها موردی ندارد، اما در اماکن عمومی مثل رستوران ها، شرکت ها، بیمارستان ها و... اعمال سلیقه در مورد رنگ درست نیست .(کریمی، 41:1385) غالب مردم هنوز به یقین و دقیق نمی دانند که ازنظر روانشناسی و فیزیکی تا چه اندازهای تحت تأثیر قدرت رنگ ها و نورها هستند. رنگ ها با تمامی عوامل و جزئیات زندگی ما چنان رابطه تنگاتنگی دارند که باید گفت رنگ ها بسان پله هایی هستند که وجود فیزیکی و روحی انسان ها را با سایر جزئیات و پدیده های جهان هستی در ارتباط قرار می دهند (لوشر، 19:1373). پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی روابط میان تاثیر رنگ در طراحی داخلی بیمارستان و کاهش استرس و طول درمان بیمار صورت گرفته است. که به کار گیری نتایج پژوهش، در طراحی هرچه بهتر محیط های درمانی و در نتیجه کاهش استرس و سرعت بخشیدن به روند درمان بیماران نقش بسزایی خواهد داشت. فرضیه اصلی این پژوهش وجود رابطه معنادار بین رنگ مطلوب و کاهش استرس و مدت زمان بهبود بیماران می باشد. هر گونه تحریکات رنگی که توسط چشم انسان دریافت می شود، علاوه بر واکنش های احساسی و روانی، واکنش های فیزیکی را نیز شامل می شود. برای پاسخ به این فرضیه ها، سوالات زیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است: رنگ مطلوب چه نقشی در کاهش استرس و طول درمان بیماران نقش ایفا می کند؟ رنگ های آرامش بخش و کاهش دهنده استرس کدامند؟ روش تحقیق، روش پیمایشی و ابزار گرد آوری داده ها، تلفیقی است از پرسشنامه استاندارد سنجش استرس (dass-21) و پرسشنامه رنگ که توسط نگارنده تهیه شده است.


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Journal of Urban Development and Architecture - Environment Identity ( JUDA-EI)
Volume 1, Issue 3
September 2020
Pages 60-72

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History

  • Receive Date: 03 June 2020
  • Revise Date: 15 August 2020
  • Accept Date: 18 September 2020

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